初中英语七年级上册---语法综合复习 & 练习(冠词、名词、代词、一般现在时) 二维码
七年级上册---语法综合复习 & 练习 (冠词、名词、代词、一般现在时) 姓名:_________ 一、冠词 冠词包括不定冠词(a/an)和定冠词(the),本身不能够单独使用,需要放在名词前。 不定冠词用来进行泛指,表示冠词后面的名词是指某一类特定事物中的一个,但具体是哪一个并不重要;定冠词用来特指,限定这个冠词后面的名词是某个特定的事物。 区分a/an:不定冠词a放在以辅音音素开头的单词前,不定冠词an放在以元音音素开头的单词前。 冠词属于限定词的一种,限定词用于名词前面,包括: 1、冠词 一本书:____________ 这本书:____________ 2、指示代词 这本书:____________ 那本书:____________ 3、形容词性物主代词 我的书:____________ 他的书:____________ 4、名词所有格 迈克的书:____________ 她妈妈的书:____________ 5、数词 一本书:____________ 【练习】用a, an, the或/填空 There is _________ English book on the desk. There is _________ new student in my class. There is _________ “u” in the word “use”. My brother is _________ engineer (/endʒɪ'nɪə/). He works hard. _________ book on the desk is Louis Jackson’s. There is _________ university (/juːnɪ'vɜːsɪtɪ/) called Cambridge in Britain. There is _________ umbrella on the table. _________ umbrella is Tim’s. I have _________ American car. _________ car is blue. Lucas often plays football in _________ afternoon. My sister plays _________ piano well, and my brother plays _________ football well. 二、名词单复数 名词是用来表示人物、动物、物品、地点以及抽象概念的词。 专有名词:人名、地名、国家城市、机构等,如:China, Chongqing (首字母大写) 普通名词:可数名词 & 不可数名词 可数名词的复数形式: 1)一般情况下,在名词词尾加s,如:boy - boys; 2)以-x, -s, -ch, -sh结尾的名词,在词尾加es,如box - boxes; 3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es,如:study - studies(书房); 4)以o结尾的名词,有生命的加es,无生命的加s,如hero - heroes; photo - photos。 不规则变化:man - _________; woman - _________; child - _________; foot - ______ 不可数名词: 液体类:水 _________;牛奶 _________;咖啡 _________;茶 _________ 食物类:水果 _________;肉 _________;面包 _________;米饭 _________ 抽象概念:爱 _________;和平 _________ 对于不可数名词的数量修饰要用量词,如: a piece of paper/bread 一张纸/一块面包 a cup / bottle / glass of water 一杯水 【练习】词形填空 (需考虑加不加冠词) -- What’s this? -- It’s a ____________ (pen) I have some good ____________ (friend). We often play basketball together. There are many nice ____________ (watch) in the shop. It’s interesting for me to read books in a ____________ (library). I have a big ____________ (family). My ____________ (family) are all very nice. Jill and Jackson have three teenage ____________ (child). They go to school on foot. The ____________ (woman) next to her are Lucy’s and Lily’s mothers. How many ____________ (boy) are there in your class? There are six ____________ (man) in the living room. There is some delicious ____________ (bread) on the table. I want to have some. 三、be动词 be动词的形式: 放在名词前,表示“是”。 如:It is my book. 这是我的书。 放在形容词前 如:I’m fine. 我很好。 She is beautiful. 她很漂亮。 以be动词为谓语动词的句子,其结构为“主系表”结构 单数: 肯定:他是一个中国老师。 He is a Chinese teacher. 否定:他不是一个中国老师。 He isn’t a Chinese teacher. 一般疑问:他是一个中国老师吗? Is he a Chinese teacher? 肯定/否定回答: Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. 复数: 肯定:他们是美国老师。 They are American teachers. 否定:他们不是美国老师。 They aren’t American teachers. 一般疑问:他们是美国老师吗? Are they American teachers? 肯定/否定回答: Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 【练习】 1、用be动词的正确形式填空: -- Who _________ you? -- I _________ John. -- What _________ your father? -- He _________ an engineer. -- _________ your mother a teacher? -- No, she _________. -- _________ your teachers nice? -- Yes, they _________. This _________ my pen. I think it is Jerry’s. _________ these his books? They _________ very interesting. Our new house _________ in Hualong Road. It _________ a beautiful house. Their new friends _________ from Britain. They come from America. Jill _________ from Germany. She _________ a nice girl. I like her. Tony and Jerry _________ good friends. Both of them _________ 13 years old. 四、实义动词 a. 一般现在时 定义:一般现在时表示现在的状态,经常性、习惯性的动作,或者主语所具备的性格或能力,如: I do my homework every afternoon. 我每天下午都会做作业。 I like bread for my breakfast. 我喜欢早餐吃面包。 实义动词的第三人称单数形式的构成: 一般情况下,在动词后面加s,如:work – works; 以-s, -x, -sh, -ch, -o结尾的动词,在词尾加es,如:watch - watches 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加es,如:fly – flies 频率副词: often 经常 – always 总是 – usually 通常 – sometimes 有时候 – seldom 很少 – hardly ever 几乎不 – never 从不 every day 每天 e.g.:He often watches TV after dinner. 他经常在晚饭后看电视。 b. 助动词do和does: 助动词do和does用来帮助实义动词构成否定句和疑问句,本身无特别意义。 助动词do(用于第一人称,第二人称和第三人称复数) 肯定:We like playing football. 否定:We don’t like playing football. 一般疑问:Do you like play football? 肯定/否定回答:Yes, we do. / No, we don’t. 对“playing football”提问:What do you like? 助动词does(用于第三人称单数,助动词does后加动词原形) 1、第三人称单数: 第三人称主格形式,如:he, she, it 单个人名,如:Tom 可数名词的单数形式,如:my father, the library 不可数名词,如:bread 2、句型转换: 肯定:Tom has milk for breakfast. 否定:Tom doesn’t have milk for breakfast. 一般疑问:Does Tom have milk for breakfast? 肯定/否定回答:Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 对“milk”提问:What does Tom have for breakfast? 【练习】用所给词的正确形式填空: We often _________ (go) to the museum on Friday. Lucy _________ (go) to the library with her sister on the weekend. _________ you often _________ (read) books in your school library? _________ he often _________ (read) books in his school library? I ____________ (not play) the piano, but I _________ (play) the guitar every night. They ____________ (not like) tomatoes and eggs for their breakfast. She _________ (not like) potatoes and chips for her lunch. My brother always _________ (visit) the Science Museum on Sunday morning. _________ your sister _________ (study) French at her school? My uncle and aunt sometimes _________ (travel) around the world. Our teacher _________ (live) in the school dormitory from Monday to Friday. Her friend Jill _________ (come) from America and _________ (study) in China now. Tim’s friends _________ (want) to go to the Central Park next weekend. Bill ____________ (not watch) TV every day. He only _________ (watch) it on Sundays. Jo and Mark _________ (love) China. They _________ (want) to visit China very much. My little sister ____________ (not do) her homework before dinner. --- _________ (do) your friend Jack come from the U.S.A.? --- No, he _________ (do not). Johnny is from Britain, but he _________ (speak) English very well. 五、人称代词的主格、宾格和形容词性物主代词
主格:陈述句中放在动词前面,用作主语 宾格:陈述句中放在动词后面,用作宾语 形容词性物主代词:后面必须加名词使用,相当于形容词,表示“某人的” 【练习】用人称代词和形容词性物主代词填空 1. _________ is interesting for me to read the book Harry Potter. 2. _________ is an American actor. I like _________ very much. _________ movies are interesting. 3. _________ am a new student here. Can you help _________with _________ study? 4. I have a cute pet (宠物). _________ name is Molly. I always play with _________ on weekends. 5. Mr. Smith is my head teacher. _________ teaches Chinese. I really like _________. 6. Tom and Jerry are my good friends. _________ come from America. _________ favorite sport is basketball. I play basketball with _________ every day. 7. --- Joseph, is this _________ coat? It is on my chair. --- Yes, it is. Thank you very much. 8. Darren is my brother. _________ live in London together. _________ house is not very big. 9. _________ often takes Tom one hour to finish his Chinese homework. I think _________ should (应该) learn to use less (更少的) time to finish it. 10. Jill is my aunt. _________ travels around the world every year. I sometimes go with _________. 11. My classmate Bill studies very hard. I think _________ is really a good student. 12. We study in Chongqing Foreign Language School, and we like _________ school very much. 六、句型转换 I am a new student here. (变成否定句)I _________ _________ a new student here. He is a tall and thin boy. (变成否定句)He _________ _________ a tall and thin boy. We are from the same city. (变成否定句)We _________ _________ from the same city. They like bread and eggs for their breakfast. (变成否定句) They _________ _________ bread and eggs for their breakfast. My classmate Andrew often plays basketball after class. (变成否定句) My classmate Andrew _________ _________ play basketball after class. There is an English book on the desk. (变成否定句) There _________ _________ English book on the desk. There are some armchairs in Mrs. Smith’s living room. (变成否定句) There _________ _________ armchairs in Mrs. Smith’s living room. I am from a great country called China. (变成一般疑问句) _________ _________ from a great country called China? She is from a small country called Korea. (变成一般疑问句) _________ _________ from a small country called Korea. Tom always listens to his teachers carefully in class. (变成一般疑问句) _________ Tom always _________ to his teachers carefully in class? My friends often go shopping together on the weekend. (变成一般疑问句) _________ _________ friends often _________ shopping together on the weekend? There is a British student in our class. (变成一般疑问句) _________ _________ a British student in _________ class? There are some famous museums in this city. (变成一般疑问句) _________ _________ _________ famous museums in this city? Are you from China? (做出回答)Yes, _________ _________. Is your friend Jack from America? (做出回答)No, _________ _________. Do they want to go bowling with us tomorrow? (做出回答)Yes, _________ _________. Does Tom’s little sister play the piano in the afternoon? (做出回答) No, _________ _________. Is there a beautiful park near our school? (做出回答)Yes, _________ _________. Are there fifty-four students in your class? (做出回答)No, _________ _________. Mary is from a famous city called London. (同义句转换) Mary _________ _________ a famous city called London. William likes the movie Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince best. (同义句转换) _________ _________ movie is Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. His father is a policeman. (对划线部分提问)_________ _________ his father? His mother watches television every night. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ his mother _________ every night? I read English before I go to sleep at night. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ _________ _________ before you go to sleep at night? His best friend Jerry comes from France. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ his best friend Jerry _________ _________? His best friend Jerry is from France. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ his best friend Jerry _________? There are thirty-six classes in Grade 2024 in our school. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ classes _________ _________ in Grade 2024 in your school? Jason’s uncle lives in London. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ Jason’s uncle _________? The Jackson family want to buy their own house. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ the Jackson family want to _________? Mrs. Jackson’s handbag is blue. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ is Mrs. Jackson’s handbag? 制作一个飞机模型要花费一个月的时间(翻译)。 _________ _________ one month to make a plane model. 直走到街角银行,然后左转。(翻译) Go straight down to the bank on the corner, and _________ _________. 我姐姐每周都会和她的朋友们去购物。(翻译) My sister _________ _________ with her friends every week. 剑桥大学是世界名校之一。(翻译) Cambridge _________ _________ _________ the famous universities in the world. 我的家离学校不远。(翻译) My home isn’t _________ _________ the school. 这是我父亲的电脑(翻译) This is _________ _________ computer. 凯特住在伦敦的一间大房子里面。(翻译) Kate _________ _________ a big house in London. 火车站就在左边。(翻译) The railway station is _________ _________ _________. 参考答案: 一、冠词 1. a book / the book 2. this book / that book 3. my book / his book 4. Mike’s book / her mother’s book 5. one book 【练习】 an a a an The a an; The an; The the the; / 二、名词单复数 不规则变化:men; women; children; feet 不可数名词: 液体类:water; milk; coffee; tea 食物类:fruit; meat; bread; rice 抽象概念:love; peace 【练习】 pen friends watches library family; family children woman boys men bread 三、be动词 【练习】 are; am is; is Is; isn’t Are; are is Are; are is; is are is; is are; are 四、实义动词 【练习】 go goes Do; read Does; read don’t; play don’t like doesn’t like visits Does; study travel lives comes; studies want doesn’t watch; watches love; want doesn’t do Does; doesn’t speaks 五、人称代词的主格、宾格和形容词性物主代词 【练习】 It He; him; His I; me; my Its; it He; him They; Their; them your We; Our It; he She; her he our 六、句型转换 am not is not are not don’t like doesn’t often is not aren’t any Are you Is she Does listen Do your; go Is there; your Are there any I am he isn’t they do she doesn’t there is there aren’t comes from William’s favourite What is What does; do What do you read Where does; come from Where is; from How many; are there Where does; live What do; buy What colour It takes turn left goes shopping is one of far from my father’s lives in on the left
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英语教学
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